Monday, December 30, 2019

Pursuing Democracy An Analysis Of The Development Of...

Pursuing Democracy: An Analysis of the Development of American Government The passing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776 marks the beginning of of the United States of America, but the ideas that influenced the development of American government have roots extending to the dawn of civilization. As long as humans have lived in community, the desire to keep order has spawned many experiments in finding an effective system of government. Examination of the development of American government reveals the influence of several civilizations, including ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, British and other European civilizations, and Native American civilizations—particularly the Iroquois Nation. The political theory and government system used by each of these civilizations impacted the thoughts and actions of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America, resulting in the government system seen in America today. Influences of Ancient Civilizations Influence of Ancient Greece The Greek city-state of Athens governed itself through a direct democracy, a system of government in which all citizens participate in government through casting a vote (DeLorenzo, 2000). Participation in Athenian democracy was mandatory for all citizens, punishable by monetary fines and physical public humiliation. Athens was unique among Greek city-states because it had one of the largest democracies in terms of population. Responsibilities of citizens in Athens includedShow MoreRelatedDevelopment And Democracy : The Wider Field Of Political Economy2013 Words   |  9 Pageswhether citizens of poor countries, as they experience rapid development, are willing to concede certain of their democratic liberties in exchange for development. Once they have attained a certain level of development, do they demand for more of those democratic rights? This research question fits into the wider field of political economy. The scholarship available on the broad topic of development and its relationships to democracy is numerous, however the key schools of thought can be groupedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Three Us National Strategies For Combating Terrorism1803 Words   |  8 PagesANALYSIS OF THE THREE US NATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR COMBATING TERRORISM (2003, 2006 and 2011) Introduction The US response to terrorism after the 9/11 attacks on New York and Washington, marked a major departure in its policy since before then, terrorism was handled as a law enforcement issue with hardly a strategy in place. The aftermath shock still determines the forging of policies for counterterrorism. By 2003 the official position of the United States was set by framing the threat as a war againstRead MoreIs Economic Development a Prerequisite of a Functioning Democratic System?3861 Words   |  16 PagesIs Economic Development a Prerequisite of a Functioning Democratic System? In the world of political science, it is an inherent feature of the discipline that academics will seek a universally applicable theory to explain phenomena that occur within the political sphere. Seymour Martin Lipset did just that in his article Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy, published in the American Political Science Review in 1959. In this, he made the claim thatRead MoreAnalysis of Different Viewpoints of US Involvement in the Vietnam War1141 Words   |  5 PagesThirty-eight years have passed and the Vietnam War is still a controversial topic. While some Americans believe that Indochina was of no strategic value to the United States, others argue that civilian leaders have undermined the war effort. My paper will help analyze the different viewpoints for U.S. involvement in Vietnam and the overall assessment of each. Almost all the sources utilized came to the consensus that the chief purpose for U.S. intervention was to st op Communism from spreading. NeverthelessRead MoreEssay about Pestel Analysis Russian Federation3424 Words   |  14 Pages4.1.1 PESTEL Analysis This part of the dissertation will analyze main political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal issues within the Russian Federation. All of the Interviewees outlined the political aspect as the most important when investing into Russia, however the Author would like to acknowledge that the economical and legal factors have a critical weight in the issues of FDI, therefore their analysis will play a comprehensive role in the thesis, assuming that the initialRead MoreThe Role of Place Based Organizations in Cultivating Economic Development3033 Words   |  12 PagesThere have been abundant studies examining the role of place-based organizations and institutions, also known as anchors, and how they cultivate economic development and revitalization in their host community. Unfortunately, the research is often one-dimensional in that it is conditioned on observing and measuring the impact of higher education and academic medical institutions (Ed and Meds), on the lo cal and regional economy (Capital Link, Dekker, 2011; Dekker, Paul, and Uslaner, 2001; Green, 2011;Read MoreEssay on Sino-American Relations1950 Words   |  8 PagesSino-American Relations I. Introduction The American President Nixons historic trip to China in February 1972 marked the beginning of a new era in Sino-American relations. For the first time since 1949, the two countries established high-level official contacts and transformed their relationship from confrontation to collaboration. Over the following twenty years, however, U.S.-China relations have experienced repeated cycles of progress, stalemate, and crisis, with the events in TiananmenRead MoreThe Racism Of The United States2154 Words   |  9 Pagesinformation and to dissect human activities, â€Å"essential universalism† and â€Å"contingent universalism† are defined its components and purpose with the limited discernment of humans and their undertakings. A large portion of this section is devoted the development of human behavior in this phenomena. My research paper will talk about the genre of racism, political racism in United States. A number of groups at present —blacks, Latinos, South Asians, and Arabs find themselves racially profiled almost everywhereRead More Colombian Democracy Essay5929 Words   |  24 PagesColombian Democracy There is a practical problem to capturing a cogent understanding of Colombia in a single snapshot. There are two realities of Colombia scholars use to frame analysis of the birthplace of Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s magical realism: â€Å"armed conflict† and â€Å"political democracy.† These phenomena are a defining feature of modern Colombia. They have coexisted since 1958 when the National Front political pact ended intra-elite conflict in La Violencia but failed to guarantee a stableRead MoreOn Different Values of Individualism in Chinese and American Cultures3861 Words   |  16 PagesOn Different Values of Individualism in Chinese and American Cultures 1. Introduction Everyone, every social class and every country have their own unique values. It is the fact that value is the core of cross-culture communication and the differences of culture among countries depend on different values. Value exerts great influence on everyone’s daily life. Scores of people rely on value to obtain knowledge, master the basic skills and foster correct world outlook. China and America are two

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Editha, by William Dean Howells Essay - 826 Words

William Dean Howells was an advocate of realism in writing; he believed that literary art should reflect the reality of the common man and demonstrate the truth of everyday current issues. He believed in truthful writing and he accepted very little at face value. He practiced this belief in his own writing, and his story called â€Å"Editha† is a good example of this. In this ironic tragedy, W.D. Howells shows the truth and nature of war. He uses a combination of metaphoric characters, irony, and the pathos appeal to create an almost grotesque parody of the reality of war. In final analysis, Howells is successful in highlighting the consequences of war and inspiring the audience to question the wisdom of those who advocate armed conflict.†¦show more content†¦In contrast, the author uses George as a metaphor for those who would fight, kill, and die in the war; this element is an important part of the author’s persuasive strategy. W.D. Howells wants to appeal t o the values and the emotional sensibility of his audience, for this reason, Howells portrays George as passive and unsure of himself. George is fearful of the war and he sees no glory in it. He believes that God is peaceful and the idea that God would advocate for war runs counter to George’s belief in peace. In short, the author uses George’s story to illustrate the consequences of war for the reader. This strategy works to persuade a resistant audience to relate to George, hence, lowering their resistance to the anti-war message of this piece. W.D. Howells uses irony to illuminate the difference of perspective and conflict of interest between Editha and George. Editha is so busy trying to fix what she believes is wrong with George; she does not recognize the flaws in her own thinking. She secretly sees George as less than he is because of his peaceful nature, and she does not imagine that George is aware of her low regard of him. Editha uses three reasons to support her advocacy for the war, first, that to fight in the war will be glorious. Second, that the war is ordained by God, and third, that to fight for the country is to show devotion or loyalty. Similarly, war advocates have used these same reasons to rally the citizens to battle in past wartimes.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Editha by William Dean Howells582 Words   |  3 PagesEditha by William Dean Howells The story Editha by William Dean Howells and the poem Reconciliation by Walt Whitman are part of a true national literature. They are both told in a way that only we as Americans could ever understand. They speak of war in all of its glory, and they speak of all of the pain left behind. Editha is a story about a woman who loves her country so much that she would be willing to give up anyone who does not feel as she does. Her fiancà © George was notRead MoreAnalysis Of Editha By William Dean Howells And The Yellow Wallpaper1070 Words   |  5 Pageshand in hand with romantics as it exposes the truth behind marriages in the 18th and 19th centuries. Two stories I have read that stood out the most to me on the grounds of literary realism are: Editha by William Dean Howells and The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Editha by William Dean Howells, will go down as one of many strong points of evidence when it comes down to literary realism. This comes into play when life for a real man is depicted as being in war. Life in the war duringRead MoreEditha: William Dean Howells’s Commitment to Literary Realism878 Words   |  4 PagesEditha: William Dean Howells’s commitment to literary realism ENG 202: American Literature II Editha: William Dean Howells’s commitment to literary realism Realism can be defined as view in which the author tries to depict life as truthfully and accurately as possible. The use of realistic or lifelike settings described by the author or narrated by a character, add a layer of realism to the story, even if the story itself is fictitious. The characters themselves are often portrayed as believableRead MoreLiterary Realism : A Movement1602 Words   |  7 Pageswere very detailed. Realist authors began to write about what was going on in the world and focused on realistic/plausible plotlines that were relatable to the working middle class families and their problems. Writers such as Mark Twain, William Dean Howells, and Henry James began to write realistic stories with realistic characters that usually depicted their region, class, gender, and age. Since most stories were based on the life of average middle class people the stories of this time were moreRead MoreThe Struggle for Power in The Yellow Wallpaper, Daddy, and Editha2112 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican Literature 9 March 2013 The Struggle for Power in The Yellow Wallpaper, Daddy, and Editha Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s piece, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† (written in 1890, published in 1892), is a semi-autobiographical piece that, although believed to be a result of her severe postpartum depression, illustrates the difficulties faced by women during the Women’s Movement. These difficulties are further illustrated by the similarly semi-autobiographical poem, based on Plath’s father andRead MoreEssay on Impact of World War One on American Literature1807 Words   |  8 Pageswillingness to kill or be killed is shown in many works, including William Dean Howells short story Editha. In the story, there is a young couple engaged to be married when war breaks out. The young man, George Gearson, is unsure about enlisting, for he is more of an intellectual type than he is a soldier looking for a fight. Georges fiancà ©e is Editha, who in her innocent ignorance cannot see why George even has to question enlisting. Editha sees war as a chance for George to be a hero and thereby becomeRead MoreAnalysis Of Annabel Lee s A Kingdom By The Sea1780 Words   |  8 Pagesbanish us, you know. (Dickenson) In William Dean Howells story Editha, he shows both views realism and romatasism in one and showing the end result. Editha is all emotionally bound by the romance idea of the glorious warrior coming home valiantly after war. Her boyfriend George isn t the type to go hunting for glory, he s a timid fellow and Editha pressures him into signing up for the war. Shortly afterwards he is killed in battle, glorious for Editha, hell for his family. Before signing upRead MoreSentimental Plot Essay992 Words   |  4 Pagesnot kill her to state a point, it just so happened that she caught fever. So in some sort of way this story can sometimes be said that it was not your typical sentimental plot. Another male writer that followed the sentimental hereon was William Dean Howells â€Å"Editha† this was about a young unmarried woman who practically forces her boyfriend to enter the war in order to show off in front of others. â€Å"I shall always love you, and therefore I shall never marry any one else. But the man I marry must love

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Assessment is the most powerful tool for learning Free Essays

string(131) " excessively much on one or the other, so it could be said that the world of pupil accomplishment in the schoolroom is inaccurate\." Appraisal in assorted signifiers has been in usage for a long clip, Wainer A ; Braun 1988 study that insistent appraisal was in usage within China from about 2200 B.C. These trials were organised harmonizing to the rule that a little set of personal accomplishments measurings could bespeak how a individual was traveling to execute. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessment is the most powerful tool for learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, within instruction, there is limited grounds for execution of dependable and valid appraisals of pupil public presentation before the morning of the twentieth century. Dochy, F. , A ; McDowell, L. ( 1997 ) , Newton, P. ( 2010 ) , Black, P, Harrison, C, Lee, C, Marshall, B A ; Wiliam, D ( 2003 ) all agree that instruction is recognised across the universe as possibly the most critical public service of all, and that within instruction, appraisal is indispensable to let all pupils to be given the educational support they require, and to let the pedagogue to find the effectivity of different educational methods within the pupils larning procedure. Summational and formative appraisals can be identified as the cardinal methods by which instructors and other educational professionals gather grounds of pupil acquisition. This does non connote that there should be a pick between appraisal for larning ( formative appraisal ) and appraisal of acquisition ( summational appraisal ) , as both have instruction maps that support pupil accomplishment. Assessment for larning explores the possibility for accomplishment for acquisition by the pupil, and indicates the following measure to be taken in order to advance larning through the kineticss of instruction and acquisition, whereas, appraisal of acquisition shows what has been already achieved, memorised, absorbed and displays merely a limited snapshot of the current scholastic state of affairs. With the usage of appraisal for acquisition, learning professionals are able to supply penetrations into advancement that a pupil has achieved, and how the school and its staff have contributed to this development. Wiliam, D. and Leahy, S. ( 2007 ) indicates that the compelling issue is guaranting that the chosen type of appraisal best suits the educational acquisition end and intent of the pupil. If the educational intent is to better acquisition, so of course, appraisal for larning would be best suited. However, if the educational intent is to describe on a current state of affairs and to compare students against pre-determined criterions or other pupils, so appraisal of acquisition should be used. Although some tools used for both signifiers of appraisal may be the same, for illustration verbal inquiring, the cardinal issues emerging from the feedback provided by educational professionals Black, P, Harrison, C, Lee, C, Marshall, B A ; Wiliam, D 2003 indicates that it is imperative to maintain focused on the fact that appraisal for larning purposes at bettering acquisition, whereas appraisal of larning purposes at mensurating public presentation of the pupils. Summational appraisal besides e nsures answerability of educational constitutions and the professionals working within those constitutions. Professionals and cons Black, P. , et Al, ( 2003 ) tells us that although appraisal today can be placed within these two countries of formative and summational appraisal, their definitions may hold become confused in the past few old ages, peculiarly the definition of formative appraisal. Harlen, W. ( 2004 ) Indicates that a instructors ‘ deficiency of apprehension of the cardinal differences between appraisal for acquisition and appraisal of larning can take to confusion within the category room, and hinder educational advancement of the pupil if appraisal is non used in the right manner. ( Harlen, W. ( 2004 ) . Appraisal of acquisition may be conducted by professionals who are external to the school, for illustration educational inspectors, who may be required to supply a snapshot of an educational constitution at a peculiar point in clip. However, they may non ever know or understand the school context and life in the necessary item in order to supply a balanced appraisal. As seen late with the debut of conference tabular arraies ( dcsf.gov.uk 2009 ) , there is a high hazard of the incorrect type of appraisal being used to rate instructors, pupils and educational installations as successes or failures. Short-run summational public presentation appraisals may neglect to take history of the scene in which pedagogues and scholars map, taking to a spiral of â€Å" Teach to prove † methods where the lives of pupils and everyone involved in their instruction, progressively revolve around trials. Teachers hence narrow their course of study to learn to the trial, and school decision makers and the general populace are going score-obsessed. Appraisal for Learning ( formative appraisal ) is concerned with roll uping grounds about larning that is used to accommodate instruction and program following educational stairss. Evidence about acquisition is important as it indicates if there has been a displacement, or non, in the procedure of larning for a given pupil. On the footing of such grounds, instructors can explicate targets/goals and are able to supply pupils with feedback about their acquisition ( Hattie and Timperly, 2007 ) , clearly bespeaking to pupils non merely what they need to larn, but besides giving them information on how best they can larn it, hence lending to pupils ‘ contemplation on their ain acquisition. Recent research on the topic of appraisal and acquisition ( Black and Wiliam, 1998 ; Black et al. , 2002 ) provides strong grounds that appraisal can be used to better academic degrees and criterions, in peculiar, formative appraisal where pupils have a common apprehension of the marks they are dr aw a bead oning to make and how to make them can be an effectual tool to better acquisition. Black and Wiliam ( 1998 ) , Boud, D ( 1995 ) to boot reported that significant betterments in overall public presentation, in peculiar with low-attainers, could be successfully achieved where self appraisal was used to promote larning within those pupils. ( It is normally agreed that appraisal is one of the most powerful educational tools for advancing effectual acquisition ) . Both are needed In a balanced appraisal system, both summational and formative appraisals are an built-in portion of any information assemblage procedure about any pupil. Therefore, if an pedagogue depends excessively much on one or the other, so it could be said that the world of pupil accomplishment in the schoolroom is inaccurate. You read "Assessment is the most powerful tool for learning" in category "Essay examples" Teachers find themselves transforming their instruction as on-going appraisal reveals how pupils approach undertakings, what helps them larn most efficaciously, and what schemes support their acquisition. The more instructors understand about what pupils know and how they think, the more capacity they have to reform their instruction, and the more chances they create for pupil success. In a reappraisal of research on appraisal and schoolroom acquisition, commissioned by the The Nuffield Foundation, Professors Paul Black and Dylan William carried out over 250 surveies associating appraisal and acquisition ( Black, P.J. and William, D1998 ) . the surveies showed that thoughts designed to heighten the manner appraisal is used by instructors in the schoolroom to promote acquisition, can well increase the pupil ‘s accomplishment. The survey besides found grounds that the addition was even more likely to be significant for low-achieving pupils. The research besides showed that bettering larning through assessment depends on cardinal factors such as: effectual feedback by the instructor to the pupils, active engagement of pupils in their ain acquisition, accommodation of learning manners to take history of the consequences of appraisal, and a acknowledgment by the instructor that assessment influences the self-esteem and motive of pupils. However, the research besid es identified several inhibiting factors: a inclination for instructors to measure measure and presentation of work instead than the quality of acquisition, excessively much focal point on marker and scaling, which tended to take down the self-pride of pupils, and instead than giving advice and counsel on betterment there was a strong focal point on comparing pupils which demotivated and demoralised the less successful pupils. In this instance it could be said that instructors ‘ feedback to pupils served societal and control intents instead than assisting the pupils to larn more efficaciously, possibly due to instructors non cognizing plenty about their pupils ‘ acquisition demands and motive. More by and large, on pupil motive, Harlen W. , A ; Deakin Crick R. ( 2002 ) carried out the most extended reappraisal of research in recent old ages on the consequence of summational proving. They found that those trials that were seen as â€Å" high bets † de-motivated many pupils. However, it has been argued that some pupils thrive in the face of nerve-racking challenges and in fact, external trials and scrutinies do motivate pupils to take what they are larning earnestly. Additionally, DFES 2007 tells us that the UK authorities has late suggested this, when suggesting debut of new trials. ( Roach, P. 1999 ) besides promotes the usage of summational equal appraisal, but to boot stresses the troubles faced by instructors in larning to release control of the appraisal procedure. The thought of turning over summational appraisal to pupils could be seen as debatable, but it has the potency for back uping deep acquisition within those pupils. The value of both ego and peer appr aisal is discussed in Brown and Glasner 1999, who province that pupils are required to larn by prosecuting in assessed undertakings. Assessment is non peripheral to the larning undertaking or a necessary immorality to be endured, It is cardinal to the whole acquisition procedure. Assessment, including contemplation on their ain work and that of their equals, is the larning itself. Assessment should supply an drift for pupil acquisition and to boot a accelerator for brooding instruction patterns. Teacher accomplishments Therefore, it is cardinal to the development of appropriate appraisal that there must be a direct nexus between what is being â€Å" taught † and what is being â€Å" learned. † Both instructor and pupil must be able to place this nexus. As described by Lorin, W. et.al 2001, the instructor needs to guarantee that the undertaking both in footings of the instructional procedure and the topic aims, is relevant and valid to guarantee that the larning experience of the pupil will ensue in the building of new cognition through a procedure that assembles personally identified content and accomplishments. Therefore, all farther appraisal may be reinforced by clear and concise categorization of larning results by the instructor to the pupil. Similar to pupils, instructors are besides scholars as they examine multiple measurings of pupil attitude and public presentation, every bit good as degrees of satisfaction. As modern instruction moves towards formative appraisal, and pupils are no longer being educated to execute rote undertakings focused on cognition and apprehension, there is a greater demand for instructors be supported as they get extra acquisition and learning accomplishments as Godheads and users of formative appraisal. Bullard, P. and Taylor B.O. ( 1994 ) suggest that all instructors who integrate appraisal into their instruction do so in order to place where their pupils are in their acquisition, and the stairss they need to take for betterment and advancement. However, historically instructors were frequently expected to be inactive Jesuss of course of study pre-packaged by a Government section and, or a distant text edition publication company. The turning motion towards instructors being shapers and users of assessment informations reflects the displacement from instructor as educational assembly line workers, to the facilitators of life-time scholar. Formative appraisal, for illustration, is assessment that is designed to back up larning. In recent old ages the importance of implementing appraisal in this signifier has come to the head, mostly because of Black and William ‘s ( 1998 ) often cited reappraisal of their research and evidentiary notes. Black and William ‘s grounds strongly supported the effectivity of formative appraisal and its publicity of larning. In acknowledgment of this fact, over a proportionally short period of clip their research has been recognized as the manner frontward by a assortment of educationists and non least by instructors themselves. This grass roots growing in acceptance by the instruction and educational sphere was bolstered by research-based rules designed to supply a principle for schoolroom pattern ( ARG, 2002 ; Gardner, 2006 ) . In â€Å" The Socrates Syndrome – Questions that should ne’er be Asked † Campbell ( 1995 ) suggests that true instruction is a â€Å" life-time of seamless experience, linking single episodes into an of all time spread outing web of significance, penetration and apprehension. † But Campbell besides acknowledges that inquiring the sorts of inquiries that make this true instruction possible is endangering. However, in the eyes of many of today ‘s educational professionals, an extraordinary assortment of classroom-targeted enterprises has been unleashed on schools over the past decennary and more, all with the same general purpose, that of the betterment of pupil acquisition. Appraisal by instructors, whether formative or summational, is one of these developments that is considered to offer important potency for bettering pupils ‘ acquisition ( Black and Wiliam, 1998 ; Harlen, 2007 ) . Darling Hammond, ( 1996 ) suggest that the focal point needs to be about assisting instructors use appraisal as portion of instruction and acquisition in ways that will raise pupils ‘ accomplishment. the usage of formative appraisal, Sadler, D.R. ( 1998 ) tells us that the most successful acquisition takes topographic point when pupils have ownership of their acquisition, understand the marks they are taking to accomplish, are motivated, and have the applicable accomplishments and tools in topographic point to assist them accomplish success. Therefore, non merely are these the most indispensable characteristics of effectual daily acquisition in any schoolroom, they are the basis of successful womb-to-tomb acquisition for all pupils. With this in head, it appears that the most of import message now facing the educational community is that appraisal, which is explicitly designed to advance acquisition, is the individual most powerful tool we have for both raising criterions and a uthorising womb-to-tomb scholars. The value that appraisal can hold in the procedure of acquisition every bit good as for rating work and entering accomplishment has been widely recognised ( TGAT 1998 ) . ( It is normally agreed that appraisal is one of the most powerful educational tools for advancing effectual acquisition ) . In decision Promoting kids ‘s acquisition is a chief purpose of schools and that appraisal lies at the bosom of that procedure. Additionally assessment should be seen as powerful tool for larning and non entirely a political solution to comprehend jobs over educational criterions and answerability. it can be said that appraisal is one of the most powerful educational tools for advancing effectual acquisition. It is an built-in portion in the instruction and larning procedure across all degrees of instruction. Therefore, due to assessment being one of the most important and of import parts in the hereafter of pupils, there can be perfectly no uncertainty that any assessment system now or in the hereafter will hold a major make up one’s minding factor in what pupils learn and the manner in which they carry out that larning. Hence appraisal will besides find the manner in which instruction professionals teach and what they teach. But as antecedently stated, appraisal is non merely about rating and transporting out scrutinies. It is besides about constructing a instruction relationship with pupils and the quality of the pupils larning and with that, to utilize that cognition and apprehension to heighten the pupils larning experience. Therefore it can be said that appraisal i s unambiguously one of the chief constituents of the instruction and acquisition procedure. It is hence of the most importance that all instructors are familiar non merely with the proficient facets of the different signifiers of appraisal presently in usage but besides with their advantages and restrictions in the current instruction sphere. How to cite Assessment is the most powerful tool for learning, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Carry Out Business Activity and Installment Activity Statement Task

Question: Discuss about theCarry Out Business Activity and Installment for Activity Statement Task. Answer: Introduction: This paper aims to discuss about the provisions stated under Code of Professional Conduct in Australia regarding the income tax return lodging. The discussion is based on a specific situation and with this discussion, it has been tried to provide an advice regarding the income tax return lodging. Advice to the Client Lodging the income tax return on proper time (1st July to 31st October) is very important for an individual lives in Australia, otherwise it causes high amount of penalty to the individual. As per the provisions under income tax return lodging, the tax return for the previous year must be lodge in the assessment year (Ato.gov.au, 2016). However, in order to get an extended deadline, it is important to verify the tax history of the person. Tax return lodging extension may vary from individual to individual. A person can get the tax return extension only if the person has up to date tax affairs and who avails the services of the tax agent. However, if the person has any issue like unlodged income tax return in previous year or outstanding child support debts, The ATO may deny providing extension and in that case the person has to pay penalty (Etax.com.au, 2016). Conclusion In this study, it has been identified that income tax return is needed to be lodged on time that is in between 1st July to 31st October in each year. However, in order to avoid the penalty in late lodging, a person must have updated tax affairs and does not have unlodged report in the previous years. Reference List: Ato.gov.au. (2016). Ato.gov.au. Retrieved 17 August 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au Etax.com.au. (2016). Etax.com.au. Retrieved 17 August 2016, from https://www.etax.com.au